Introduction: Chemerin plays an important role in the glucose metabolism and inflammation. It was shown that circulatory levels of chemerin increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. Aquatic exercise has an effect on adipose tissue metabolism, and may modulate the chemerin levels as an adipokine.  The purpose of this study was investigate the effect of 12-Weeks aquatic exercise on serum levels of chemerin in men with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 28 men with type 2 diabetes ( age50.54 ± 6.19 years old, BMI 27.22±1.93 kg/m2) were selected based on our inclusion criteria and randomly divided into experimental (n=14) and control (n=13) groups. The experimental group participated in 12-weeks of aquatic exercise (three session per week). Serum levels of chemerin, body fat percent, waist to hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) were measured before and after the 12-weeks aquatic exercise. Data were analyzed using SPSS and ANCOVA was using evaluate the differences between groups.  
Results: Serum levels of chemerin (P=0.044), body fat percent (P=0.001), WHR (P=0.011) and BMI (P=0.001) significantly decreased, but FBS has not significant changes (P=0.137) in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Conclusion: It seems that aquatic exercise can play an effective role in the improvement of type 2 diabetes by reducing the chemerin levels and improving the body composition.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Exercise training, Chemerin

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