Volume 12, Issue 4 (summer 2026)
IJRN 2026, 12(4): 0-0 |
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Abdiyan M, Ebrahimi Moghaddam H, Saberi H. Comparison of the Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal and Temporoparietal Regions on Empathy in Children With ADHD. IJRN 2026; 12 (4) : 9
URL: http://ijrn.ir/article-1-1002-en.html
URL: http://ijrn.ir/article-1-1002-en.html
Department of Psychology, Ro.C., Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran h.ebrahimimoghaddam@riau.ac.ir
Abstract: (29 Views)
Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. This study aimed to compare the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal and temporoparietal regions on empathy in children with ADHD.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of students aged 7–12 years with ADHD in Tehran during the 2022–2023 academic year. A total of 45 participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (15 participants per group) using simple lottery-based allocation. Each experimental group received ten 20-minute sessions of 1-mA tDCS, while the control group remained on a waiting list. Data were collected using an Empathy Questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS version 21.
Results: tDCS over both the dorsolateral prefrontal and temporoparietal regions significantly increased empathy in children with ADHD (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the effect of tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal region on empathy was significantly greater than that of tDCS over the temporoparietal region (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal region may be used alongside other therapeutic approaches to improve empathy in children with ADHD.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study population consisted of students aged 7–12 years with ADHD in Tehran during the 2022–2023 academic year. A total of 45 participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (15 participants per group) using simple lottery-based allocation. Each experimental group received ten 20-minute sessions of 1-mA tDCS, while the control group remained on a waiting list. Data were collected using an Empathy Questionnaire and analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc tests in SPSS version 21.
Results: tDCS over both the dorsolateral prefrontal and temporoparietal regions significantly increased empathy in children with ADHD (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the effect of tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal region on empathy was significantly greater than that of tDCS over the temporoparietal region (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal region may be used alongside other therapeutic approaches to improve empathy in children with ADHD.
Article number: 9
Keywords: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, Empathy, Child, Attention-Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Rehabilitation Nursing
Received: 2026/04/23 | Accepted: 2026/08/22 | Published: 2026/09/17
Received: 2026/04/23 | Accepted: 2026/08/22 | Published: 2026/09/17
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