Volume 12, Issue 4 (summer 2026)
IJRN 2026, 12(4): 0-0 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
rezvanizadeh A, hassani F, Keshavarziarshadi F, Koochakentezar R. Development and Validation of a Forgiveness-Based Mindfulness Training Package for Women with Breast Cancer. IJRN 2026; 12 (4) : 2
URL: http://ijrn.ir/article-1-1005-en.html
URL: http://ijrn.ir/article-1-1005-en.html
Department of Psychology, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran hassani@yahoo.com
Abstract: (32 Views)
Introduction: Breast cancer, the most common malignancy among women, is accompanied by significant psychological distress, including anger, self-blame, and resentment. Integrating mindfulness with forgiveness offers a promising strategy to alleviate this emotional burden. This study aimed to develop and validate a structured 'forgiveness-based mindfulness' training package for women with breast cancer.
Methods: Using a qualitative design guided by thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006), we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Magiran (2010–2025) and identified 66 relevant sources. Data coding and theme extraction were conducted across three analytical levels. The resulting training package was validated using a two-round Delphi process with a panel of 10 experts (7 clinical psychologists and 3 oncologists) to evaluate content validity (CVI, CVR) and inter-coder reliability (Cohen’s kappa).
Results: Qualitative analysis yielded 40 initial codes, 16 basic themes, and 8 core themes: initiating mindfulness and forgiveness, enhancing emotional awareness and processing, fostering empathy, cultivating acceptance, deepening forgiveness, building emotional resilience, nurturing self-compassion, and consolidating emotional integration. Based on these domains, an 8-session protocol was established. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.80 to 0.90 (S-CVI/Ave = 0.87), and the overall scale CVR reached 0.90. Cohen’s kappa coefficient confirmed high inter-coder agreement at 0.87, with an average audit trail score of 4.50 out of 5 from external reviewers.
Conclusions: The newly developed forgiveness-based mindfulness package demonstrates strong content validity and theoretical rigor. It serves as a standardized, evidence-based complementary intervention suitable for oncology settings to reduce psychological distress, build resilience, and improve quality of life for women with breast cancer.
Methods: Using a qualitative design guided by thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006), we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Magiran (2010–2025) and identified 66 relevant sources. Data coding and theme extraction were conducted across three analytical levels. The resulting training package was validated using a two-round Delphi process with a panel of 10 experts (7 clinical psychologists and 3 oncologists) to evaluate content validity (CVI, CVR) and inter-coder reliability (Cohen’s kappa).
Results: Qualitative analysis yielded 40 initial codes, 16 basic themes, and 8 core themes: initiating mindfulness and forgiveness, enhancing emotional awareness and processing, fostering empathy, cultivating acceptance, deepening forgiveness, building emotional resilience, nurturing self-compassion, and consolidating emotional integration. Based on these domains, an 8-session protocol was established. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) ranged from 0.80 to 0.90 (S-CVI/Ave = 0.87), and the overall scale CVR reached 0.90. Cohen’s kappa coefficient confirmed high inter-coder agreement at 0.87, with an average audit trail score of 4.50 out of 5 from external reviewers.
Conclusions: The newly developed forgiveness-based mindfulness package demonstrates strong content validity and theoretical rigor. It serves as a standardized, evidence-based complementary intervention suitable for oncology settings to reduce psychological distress, build resilience, and improve quality of life for women with breast cancer.
Article number: 2
Keywords: Breast cancer, Mindfulness, Forgiveness, Psychotherapy Group, Quality of Life, Qualitative Research
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Psychology in Rehabilitation Nursing
Received: 2026/06/9 | Accepted: 2026/07/28 | Published: 2026/09/17
Received: 2026/06/9 | Accepted: 2026/07/28 | Published: 2026/09/17
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |